To obtain detailed information of sowing density and DEFOLIATION intensity under more controlled conditions on herbage production and seed yield, Paraggio medic was grown on raised-beds located outdoors at the Waite Agricultural Research Institute. A split randomized block design was used. Treatments comprised three sowing rates (densities): Low (3 kg/ha), Medium (15 kg/ha) and High (75 kg/ha) (based on pure germinating seed which gave 75, 375 and 1875 seedlings/m2 respectively); four DEFOLIATION intensities: Control (undefoliated), Low (6 cm from ground level), Medium (4 cm) and High (2 cm) to simulate different grazing pressures and two DEFOLIATION systems of continuous (DEFOLIATION from June 1) and deferred (DEFOLIATION from June 29). The total combination for experimental blocks was: Main plots, DEFOLIATION systems (2) x Sub plots. Sowing densities (3) x Sub-sub plots DEFOLIATION intensities (4) x Blocks (4) = 96 micro plots. The continuous DEFOLIATION system produced significantly higher (P<0.05) available forage as well as total pasture production (P<0.05) than the deferred. High sowing rate increased (P<0.01) forage availability and total pasture production. Medium and high DEFOLIATION intensities significantly (P<0.01) reduced available forage and total pasture production in the deferred DEFOLIATION system. Seed production was adversely affected by DEFOLIATION intensity.

In Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics (KPM), Heidegger shows how the initial image-making power of the imagination is pictorial in the pure image of TIME. He further clarifies the recognized link between the syntheses and the TIME-visualizing power of images which is pictorial formative power, which can visualize TIME. The three syntheses of imagination are replaced with the modes of existence of Dasein. Three kinds of photographs resemble the images produced when the transcendental imagination functions as Dasein. We can address the ways to visualize TIME by considering Dasein with a photographic preoccupation through 1. A possible look in the form of presentation (a photograph shows an immediate look of a house or person as intuitable this-here); 2. An immediate look of the thing, house, or deceased person, as well as a copy or its reproduction as a death mask; and, 3. The manner of contemplation of a likeness is an immediate look of a being present in the form of representation.

In order to evaluate the effects of TIME (20, 40, 60 and 100 days after sowing) and intensity of DEFOLIATION (0, 33, 66 and 100%) on a corn cultivar (three way cross 647), a complete randomized block design with split plot arrangement and three replications was conducted in Experimental Field of Faculty of Agriculture Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The main plots were consisted of DEFOLIATION TIME and the sub plots were consisted of DEFOLIATION intensity. For this purpose leaves were defoliated at 33, 66, and 100% and at the end of experiment, different morphologic and physiologic criteria such as number of leaves per plent, total dry matter and plant components dry matter, seed yield and yield components and also harvest index were evaluated. Results indicated that DEFOLIATION at the early stage of crop growth (20 and 40 days) and at the end of crop growth (100 days) showed no effects on most of criteria measured. However at the middle of growth period, DEFOLIATION reduced these parameters. Intensity of defoliatin up to 66% had no effects, but 100% reduced all those parameters. Therefore, it appears that by DEFOLIATION up to more the 50% of plant leaves, plants could recover and appears as a normal plant, but with 100% DEFOLIATION this was not happened. DEFOLIATION at early stages had no negative effects, because regrowth of leaves could have compensated for this type of damage. At the end of growing season, plant cycle was completed and so DEFOLIATION had no negative effects on growth and development, while at the middle stage (60 and 80 days) the negative effect was due to the fact that plants could not recover completely from DEFOLIATION.

The effect of DEFOLIATION on root yield and quality of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) was examined in a field study in Research Station of Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhd during 2005 growing season. The experiment was conducted as a split plot on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications. TIME of DEFOLIATION (May 16th, May 31th, June 18th, July 9th, July 31th, and August 20th) were allocated to main plots and DEFOLIATION severity (0, 30, 60, and 100%) were assigned to subplots. Results showed that root yield, shoot and root dry weight and sugar yield were influenced by DEFOLIATION TIME. However, DEFOLIATION TIME had no significant effects on sugar white content and white sugar yield. Effects of DEFOLIATION on plant growth was more pronounced in mid season when about 1500 degree days was accumulated, compared to early or late season. DEFOLIATION intensity resulted in a significant decrease in root yield, shoot fresh weight, root and shoot dry weight, sugar and white sugar content, and white sugar yield compared with undefoliated control, but molass sugar was increased in all DEFOLIATION intensities. Sugar and white sugar percent were significantly affected by DEFOLIATION TIME x intensity interaction. Complete DEFOLIATION (100%) on July 30th and Auguat 19th led to 18 and 21% reduction in sugar and 29 and 28% in white suagar, respectively. However, 100% DEFOLIATION in July 8th resulted in 6 and 8% increase in sugar and white sugar, respectively.

In some point of view, neither Michel Foucault nor Ibn Khaldun are considered philosophers in the conventional classifications, but both are very  important in intellectual and, of course, in philosophical contexts, especially for those who are interested in the deep study of human life from the perspective of political thought.The main concern of two thinkers, one in the 14th century, the other in the 20th century, is the issue  of power, although neither of them provided a precise definition of it. In this article, an attempt has been made to show the place of power and domination in the political thought of both thinkers by examining the thoughts of two thinkers. And in search of an answer to this question, how did Asabiyyah and industry of religion in Ibn Khaldun's thought and social control through self-technology and discipline in Foucault's thought lead to the expansion of the domination of power? This article is written by analytically comparing the opinions of two thinkers based on Ibn Khaldun's most important book called Muqaddimah and Foucault's late works

In order to investigate the effect TIME and intensity of DEFOLIATION under use of amino acid condition, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Ali Abad Katoul, Golestan Province during growing season 2016-17. The first factor included the intensity of DEFOLIATION at three levels of 0, 50 and 100%, the second factor included the TIME of DEFOLIATION in five levels (V1, V3, V5, V7, and R1), and the third factor was the application and non-application of amino acids. The results showed that the effect of amino acids, the TIME and intensity of DEFOLIATION, and the interaction between TIMEs in intensity of DEFOLIATION were significant on oil yield. Application of amino acid resulted in an increase of 98. 9% of oil yield compared to the non-application treatment. The highest oil yield was observed in the DEFOLIATION of 50% leaf in V1 stage with a mean of 867. 5 kg/ha, which was 10. 5% higher than to the control treatment. Comparing the mean interactions effects of TIMEs in intensity of DEFOLIATION, the highest grain protein yield was observed in DEFOLIATION of 50% leaf in V5 stage with 1296. 17 kg/ha, which increased 17. 33% compared to the control treatment. DEFOLIATION of 100% of leaves resulted in the lowest weight of 100 seeds, and the absence of leaf DEFOLIATION and the DEFOLIATION of 50% of the leaf had the highest mean of this trait. Application of amino acids increased 12. 28% of grain yield compared to the non-application. In the interaction of the TIMEs in intensity of DEFOLIATION, the highest grain yield associated with 50% DEFOLIATION of leaf in stages V1 and V5 were 3681. 9 and 3696. 3 kg/ha respectively, which was 2. 46 and 2. 84% higher than to the control treatment, respectively. In general, leaf DEFOLIATION in late stages of growth (especially reproductive growth) with 100% intensity was reduced the quantitative traits (yield and yield components) and qualitative traits (oil and protein content of grain). On the other hand, the application of amino acids, by increasing the mean of measured traits, moderated the effect of DEFOLIATION stress. DEFOLIATION of 100% of leaves resulted in the lowest weight of 100 seeds, and the absence of leaf DEFOLIATION and the DEFOLIATION of 50% of the leaf had the highest mean of this trait. Application of amino acids increased 12. 28% of grain yield compared to the non-application. In the interaction of the TIMEs in intensity of DEFOLIATION, the highest grain yield associated with 50% DEFOLIATION of leaf in stages V1 and V5 were 3681. 9 and 3696. 3 kg/ha respectively, which was 2. 46 and 2. 84% higher than to the control treatment, respectively. On the other hand, the application of amino acids, by increasing the mean of measured traits, moderated the effect of DEFOLIATION stress. DEFOLIATION of 100% of leaves resulted in the lowest weight of 100 seeds, and the absence of leaf DEFOLIATION and the DEFOLIATION of 50% of the leaf had the highest mean of this trait. Application of amino acids increased 12. 28% of grain yield compared to the non-application.

One of the most frequent rules in various areas of demonstrative jurisprudence of Two Major Sects of Islam religion is a rule that is known among Shīʿa as “tolerance in the evidence of traditions” (Arabic: التسامح فی أدلّة السنن) and in Sunnī as “latitudinarianism in documents” (Arabic: التساهل فی أسانید). Believers in the general application of this rule have based it for reasons such as consensus (Arabic: إجماع), tradition famous through practice (Arabic: الشهرة العملیّة), and rational judgement (intellectual judgement) and a group of aḥādīth (Arabic: أحادیث, plural form for ḥadīth, literally “talk” or “discourse”) called “Akhbar-e- Man Balagh” (Arabic: أخبار من بلغ). The understanding of the aforementioned narrations and the extent of application of this rule has caused a conflict of opinions among scholars. The narrations containing the excellences of suras of the Holy Book of Quran is one of the fields of application of the rule of tolerance. The present research has explained the types of exposure to this group of narrations based on the rule of tolerance by using descriptive-exploratory method and using library sources and seeks to find a suitable approach about narrations of the excellences of suras (chapters) of the Holy Book of Quran. The interaction with these narrations is organized based on a special reading of the rule of tolerance in the selected approach, which is based on a rational interpretation of the contents of Man-Balagh (Arabic: من بلغ)’s narrations and is compatible with the indications of some verses and traditions. The use of weak narrations containing the excellences of suras (chapters) will be permissible based on this approach considering three conditions and without any certainty of attributing these narrations to Sharʿ (Islamic rules).

In order to identify the correlations and relationships between different traits in the bread wheat, 30 genotypes were investigated as sub-factors under the split plot experiment in the completely randomized design in greenhouse and the randomized complete block design in the field with three replications under the normal irrigation and post-anthesis water stress conditions. The results of the canonical correlation analysis showed that at both normal and moisture stress levels, there was a significant correlation between the pair of canonical variables obtained from the phenological traits and the yield components. Under the normal conditions in the greenhouse, to increase the spike density and length, the number of days to 50% flowering can be considered as a suitable selection criterion. According to the results of canonical correlation analysis, under the stressed conditions in greenhouse, to increase the spike length, the number of days to the heading, maturity and 50% of flowering were among the important and effective factors. Under the optimum irrigation conditions in the field, the number of days to maturity was considered as one of the factors influencing the seed weight per spike. The results of canonical correlation analysis under the field stress conditions showed that to increase the 1000-seed weight, the number of days to maturity can be considered an appropriate selection criterion.